Coherent receivers for radio astronomy and cosmology (CMB)
Coherent radio receivers are used mainly for observations with radio telescopes and space applications. INAF participates in the development of extremely sensitive, cryogenic Low Noise Amplifiers (HEMT InP). They can have spin-offs in the field of non-invasive, medical diagnostics and passive security control as well as for the observation of the ground from space even in the presence of cloud.